HTML Basic Tags
HTML Topic 2
Heading Tags
Any document starts with a heading. You can use different sizes for your headings. HTML also has six levels of headings, which use the elements <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, and <h6>. While displaying any heading, the browser adds one line before and one line after that heading.
Example:
<DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Heading Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is heading 6</h6>
</body>
</html>
Write this code and then run the file and see the output.
Paragraph Tag
The<p> tag offers a way to structure your text into different paragraphs. Each paragraph of text should go in between an opening<p> and a closing </p> tag as shown below in the example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Paragraph Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Here is first paragraph of text</p>
<p>Here is second paragraph of text</p>
<p>Here is third paragraph of text</p>
</body>
</html>
Use this code and run the file, and see the result.
Line Breaking Tag
Whenever you use the <br> element, anything following it starts from the next line. This tag is an example of an empty element, where you do not need opening and closing tags, as there is nothing to go in between them.
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Line Break Example</title>
</head>
<p>Hello World<br>
I am learning coding<br>
Thanks<br></p>
</body>
</html>
Write this code and run it on your server, and see the result.
Centering Content:
You can use the <center> tag to put any content in the center of the page or any table cell.
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Centering Content Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This text is not in the center.</p>
<center>
<p>This text is in center</p>
</center>
</body>
</html>
Write and run this code on your server and see the result.
Horizontal Lines:
Horizontal lines are used to visually break up sections of a document. The <hr> tag creates a line from the current position in the document to the right margin and breaks the line accordingly.
For example, you may want to give a line between two paragraphs as in the given example below:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Horizontal Line Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This is a paragraph one and should be on top</p>
<hr>
<p>This is paragraph two and should be at the bottom</p>
</body>
</html>
Run this code on your server and check the result.
Again <hr> tag is an example of the empty element, where you do not need opening and closing tags, as there is nothing to go in between them.
Preserve Formatting:
Sometimes you want your text to follow the exact format of how it is written in the HTML document. In these cases, you can use the preformatted tag <pre>.
Any text between the opening <pre> tag and the closing </pre> tag will preserve the formatting of the source document.
Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Preserve Formatting Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<pre>
function testFunction(strText){
alert(strText)
}
</pre>
</body>
</html>
Run this code, and see the result. Try using the same code without keeping the <pre>...</pre> tags.
Nonbreaking Spaces
Suppose you want to use the phrase "12 Angry Men". Here, you would not want a browser to split "12, Angry" and "Men" across two lines:
An example of this technique appears in the movie "12 Angry Men."
In cases, where you do not want the client browser to break text, you should use a nonbreaking space entity instead of a normal space. For example, when coding the "12 Angry Men" in a paragraph, you should use something similar to the following code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Nonbreaking Spaces Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>An example of this technique appears in the movie "12 Angry Men."</p>
</body>
</html>
Run this code on your server, and check the result.
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