1. Understand the Risks

Before making any preparations, it's crucial to understand what shelling entails:

• Artillery shells can be launched from kilometers away.
• Damage radius varies, but debris and shrapnel can travel far beyond the point of impact.
• No warning is often given before an attack.

2. Create a Safe Space

Identify or build a shelter that offers protection against explosions and shrapnel.

Characteristics of a good shelter:

• Underground (basements or cellars are ideal).
• Reinforced walls (concrete or sandbags).
• Away from windows and exterior walls.
• Well-ventilated but sealed from debris.

If no basement is available:

• Use a hallway, bathroom, or room without windows.
• Reinforce it with heavy furniture or mattresses for protection.

3. Prepare an Emergency Kit

Keep a grab-and-go bag ready at all times, ideally one per person.

Essentials include:

• Drinking water (at least 3 days’ supply).
• Non-perishable food.
• First-aid kit and any necessary medications.
• Flashlight and extra batteries.
• Battery-powered radio for news updates.
• Warm clothing and blankets.
• Identification documents and some cash.
• Phone and backup power bank.
• Whistle or alarm to signal for help.

4. Reinforce Your Home

While not all homes can withstand shelling, simple reinforcements help:

• Tape windows to minimize glass shattering.
• Move heavy furniture away from windows.
• Install thick curtains to reduce glass spray.
• Seal gaps and cracks to minimize dust and debris ingress.

5. Plan Your Movements

Limit movement during high-risk times. Many attacks occur:

• In the early morning or late night.
• In populated areas, transport routes, or near infrastructure.

Always have:

• A designated meeting point for family members.
• Several escape routes have been mapped out.
• Knowledge of nearby shelters or buildings with basements.

6. Stay Informed

Access to timely information can save your life.

• Listen to local news, government alerts, or apps that provide conflict updates.
• Use encrypted messaging apps (like Signal or Telegram) to communicate.
• Follow reliable sources and avoid unverified rumors.

7. What to Do During Shelling

If shelling begins:

1. Do not run outside — it's safer to stay inside and shelter in place.
2. Drop to the ground if caught outside and no cover is available.
3. Cover your head and ears, and keep your mouth slightly open to reduce blast wave effects.
4. Wait until the shelling stops before moving. Attacks often occur in waves.

8. After Shelling: Stay Alert

Once it seems safe:

• Wait several minutes before exiting your shelter.
• Watch for unexploded ordnance (UXO). Do not touch anything suspicious.
• Help injured persons if safe and possible.
• Report damage and casualties to local authorities or aid organizations.

9. Mental Preparedness

The psychological toll is immense. Shelling causes chronic stress, fear, and trauma.

• Maintain routines when possible.
• Talk to family or a support group.
• Don’t be afraid to seek psychological help from humanitarian aid organizations.

10. Teach Children What to Do

If you have children:

• Teach them to recognize the sound of shells or sirens.
• Practice hiding drills calmly.
• Give them comfort items in their emergency kits.

Final Words

While no amount of preparation can guarantee safety in a war zone, taking steps to prepare for shelling can reduce your vulnerability and save lives. The key is to stay calm, informed, and ready to act swiftly when danger arises.